Galileo Galilei In 1610 Galileo published an account of his telescopic observations of the moons of Jupiter, using this observation to argue in favor of the sun-centered, Copernican theory of the universe against the dominant earth-centered Ptolemaic and Aristotelian theories.
Drawing of Jerusalem Jerusalem, drawing by Salomon Schweigger, 1581. Schur, Nathan. Twenty Centuries of Christian Pilgrimage to the Holy Land. Tel Aviv- Dvir Publishing House, 1992.
Battle of Lepanto (artist unknown) On October 7, 1571 a galley fleet of the Holy League decisively defeated the main fleet of Ottoman war galleys. The Holy League consisted of a coalition of- The Republic of Venice The Papacy (under Pope Pius V) Spain (including Naples, Sicily and Sardinia) The Republic of Genoa The Duchy […]
Pilgrims arrested by Turkish authorities in Palestine Pilgrims Arrested, by Melchior von Seydlitz, 1556. “The Travels of Martin Baumgarten,” in Churchill’s Voyages, London 1704, p. 469- “We had not got far from the city when there comes a Mameluke and falls like thunder upon one of our company who was riding on an ass, and […]
Exterior of the North Wall of the City, East of the Damascus Gate. From Photographs of the Ordnance Survey of Jerusalem, Charles W. Wilson, 1865. The walls of Jerusalem were rebuilt by Suleiman the Magnificent in the years 1536 to 1541, apparently in response to the threat posed by the Emperor Charles V after his […]
Ivory Horn Ivory horn decorated with gold bands from the 14th century palace at Megiddo. The horn of oil that Samuel used to anoint David as king of Israel might have been similar. Hoerth, Alfred J., Archaeology and the Old Testament. Grand Rapids- Baker Books, 1998.
Nicolaus Copernicus Nicolaus Copernicus (February 19, 1473 – May 24, 1543) was the first astronomer to formulate a scientifically based heliocentric cosmology. In 1533 Copernicus presented his hypothesis of heliocentricity to Pope Clement VII.
Alhambra Edict, March 31, 1492 Alhambra Edict The Alhambra decree, an edict of expulsion was issued against the Jews of Spain by Ferdinand and Isabella. It ordered all Jews of whatever age to leave the kingdom by the last day of July, 1942. 1) King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella, by the grace of God, King […]
Tax Role In 1476 Ferdinand and Isabella granted privilege to Gonzalo del Rio to take charge of the tax roll of Jews in Sergovia. Sotheby’s
