Palestinian Jews and Judaism Under Christian Rome (324-638 CE)

1. From Text to Tradition
   1. Under Byzantine Christianity
   2. Decline of Hellenistic Judaism
2. Historical surveys
   1. Isaiah M. Gafni. “The World of the Talmud- From the Mishnah to the Arab Conquest.” Part IV. Christianity and Rabbinic Judaism- a Parallel History of their Origins and Early Development. Ed. Hershal Shanks. Washington D.C.- Biblical Archaeology Society, 1993.
3. Primary sources
   1. Jerusalem Talmud Sanhedrin 2-1 (19d-20a)- The Patriarchate and the Sages
   2. Babylonian Talmud Avodah Zarah 10a-11a- Antoninus and Rabbi
   3. Codex Theodosianus- Laws Concerning the Jews
   4. Emperor Julian, To the Community of the Jews- The Redress of Oppressive Measures
   5. Codex Justinianus 1- Anti-Jewish Legislation
   6. Chronicon Paschale- The Samaritan Rebellion of 484
   7. Procopius of Caesarea, Buildings V, vii- The First Samaritan Rebellion
   8. Procopius of Caesarea, Anecdota XI, 13-31- Religious Compulsion in the Christian Roman Empire
   9. Chronicon Paschale- The Samaritan Revolt of 529
   10. Antiochus Strategos- The Persian Conquest of Jerusalem in 614
4. Secondary sources
   1. Jeffrey Brodd. “Julian the Apostate and His Plan to Rebuild the Jerusalem Temple.” Bible Review 11, 5 (1995).
   2. Robin M. Jensen and Samuele Bacchiocchi. “The Two Faces of Jesus.” Bible Review 18, 5 (2002).
   3. Aaron Demsky. “Christian and Jewish Views of the Holy Land.” Bible Review 18, 5 (2002).
   4. Ehud Netzer and Zeev Weiss. “New Mosaic Art from Sepphoris.” Biblical Archaeology Review 18, 6 (1992).
   5. Steven Fine. “Iconoclasm.” Bible Review 16, 5 (2000).
   6. Reinhard Pummer. “How to Tell a Samaritan Synagogue from a Jewish Synagogue.” Biblical Archaeology Review 24, 3 (1998).
5. Images
   1. Emperor Justinian portrayed on a wall mosaic in the church of St. Vitale, Ravenna, 6th century.
   2. The Madaba Map, a Byzantine portrayal of the Christian Holy Land as viewed from Mt. Nebo in modern Jordan, 6th century.
   3. The Madaba Map, a Byzantine portrayal of the Christian Holy Land as viewed from Mt. Nebo in modern Jordan, detail of Jerusalem, 6th century CE.
   4. Samaritan Synagogue at El-Kirbeh, 4th century CE.
   5. Sepphoris Cardo, a Byzantine Period market place in the Galilee.
   6. Mosaic from the House of Celebration of the Nile at Sepphoris, Lower Galilee.
   7. Detail of the mosaic from the House of Celebration of the Nile at Sepphoris, Lower Galilee.
   8. Mosaic from the synagogue of Severos, Hammath Tiberias, 4-5th centuries CE
   9. The Beth Alpha synagogue zodiac mosaic, 6th century CE.
   10. Hagia Sophia.