The Arab Revolt, 1936-1939

 

White Paper of 1939

White Paper of 1939

As Hitler rose to power in Germany and began to implement the genocide of the Jewish people, increased numbers of Jews immigrated to Palestine, legally and illegally. At the Cairo Conference in 1921, a partition of Palestine was recommended and the future state of Transjordan was created. Starting in 1933, more than a quarter of a million Jews made aliyah, causing the British to restrict immigration in an attempt to keep the peace between Arabs and Jews. This attempt was doomed to failure and Arab terror increased, including the horrifying riots carried out by the Arab population in 1936.

Overview

  1. Important Points from The Royal Commission and the Proposal of Partition, Albright, et al, Palestine- A Study of Jewish, Arab and British Policies, Vol. II, Yale University Press, 1947.
  2. The Story- 1914-1948, MyJewishLearning.com.

Primary Sources

  1. Letter from Chaim Weizmann to Archer Cust, Jun. 9, 1936.
  2. Poem by Ali Mansour, Journal A-Diffa, July 1936.
  3. Youth Aliyah- Draft of Report by Henrietta Szold, 1936.
  4. Internationalism and Zionism, F.A. Miller, Federation of Zionist Youth, 1936.
  5. Haj Amin to the Peel Commission in Palestine, Nov./Dec. 1936.
  6. Foreword to a Memorandum Submitted to the Royal Commission by the Arab Higher Committee, Feb. 8, 1937.
  7. Memorandum from Amir Abdullah to the Royal Commission in Palestine, Mar. 1937.
  8. United States Rights in Palestine, July 6-Aug.4, 1937.
  9. Chief Rabbinate Marriage Certificate, Apr. 4, 1937.
  10. Monseignor Jajjar, Archbishop of Galilee, to the Peel Commission, July 18, 1937.
  11. Palestine- Telegram in New York Times, Judah Magnes, July 18, 1937. Eight page typescript in response to the Report of the Palestine Royal Commission. Magnes was President of the Hebrew University at the time and an advocate of a bi-national state between Jew and Arabs. He outlines his argument against partition in this paper.
  12. Memorandum Submitted by the Arab Higher Committee to the Permanent Mandates Commission and the Secretary of State for the Colonies – July 23rd 1937: Summary.
  13. Statement of Policy by His Majesty’s Government in the United Kingdom, Cmd. 5513 – 1937.
  14. $24,000 for JNF, 1937.
  15. Excerpt from Barbara Board, Newsgirl in Palestine, Michael Joseph Ltd, London, 1937.
  16. Galilee (Palestine, 1937-9), Alec Seath Kirkbride, A Crackle of Thorns- Experiences in the Middle East, John Murray Ltd, Great Britain, 1956.
  17. ‘…Until You are Dead’ (Palestine, 1937), Alec Seath Kirkbride, A Crackle of Thorns- Experiences in the Middle East, John Murray Ltd, Great Britain, 1956.
  18. Tiberias Massacre, Alec Seath Kirkbride, A Crackle of Thorns- Experiences in the Middle East, John Murray Ltd, Great Britain, 1956.
  19. Economic and Social Transformation of Palestine, David Horowitz, Jewish Agency, Central Zionist Archives, no. CZA S25/5934, 1937.
  20. Policy in Palestine- Despatch Dated 23rd December 1937 from Sec. of State for the Colonies to the High Commissioner for Palestine, Cmd. 5634 – 1938.
  21. Letter from David Ben-Gurion to the Secretary of State for the Colonies, on the Regulation of Jewish Immigration, Mar. 1938.
  22. Decisions Taken at the Evian Conference On Jewish Refugees, July 14, 1938.
  23. Our Debt to Zionism, Albert Einstein, 1938, Out of My Later Years, Philosophical Library, New York, 1950.
  24. Palestine- Statement by His Majesty’s Government in the United Kingdom Cmd. 5893– Nov. 1938.
  25. Kristallnacht, Nov. 9-10, 1938
  26. The Bethlehem Message, Palestine 1938, Garden City Press LTD. England.
  27. Palestine- Statement of Policy (Cmd. 6019) – May 1939 (The White Paper of 1939).
  28. Palestine- Statement of Policy (Cmd. 6019) – May 1939- Important Points
  29. The Jewish Case Against the Palestine White Paper – Documents Submitted to the Permanent Mandates Commission of the League of Nations – 1939, pp.5-35.
  30. Correspondence between Sir Henry McMahon and Sherif Hussein of Mecca – July 1915-March 1916, Cmd. 5957 – 1939.
  31. Summary and Excerpts from Documents Relating to the McMahon Letters, Jewish Agency, March 1939.
  32. Letter from Albert Einstein Supporting Help to Jewish Refugees, Jun. 10, 1939. Click here for more on Albert Einstein.
  33. Statement Issued by the Executive of the Jewish Agency in Jerusalem on the Suspension of Jewish Immigration, July 14, 1939.
  34. Treaty of Nonaggression Between Germany and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Aug. 23, 1939.
  35. Scheme for the Improvement of the Civil and Moral Conditions of the Jews in the East, Albert H. Hyamson, 1939.
  36. Open Letter from Martin Buber to Ghandi, 1939.
  37. International Response to Hitler’s Rise to Power and the Holocaust
  38. The Role of Oil in the Middle East Conflict
  39. British Limits on Immigration

Newspaper Articles

  1. Emperor of Ethiopia to John Bull (cartoon), Falastin, June 11, 1936.
  2. Jewish Immigrants (cartoon), Falastin, June 15, 1936.
  3. Balfour Declaration Signifies (cartoon), Falastin, June 17, 1936.
  4. The Zionist Crocodile to Palestine Arabs (cartoon), June 18, 1936.
  5. Jemal Pasha to Sir Wauchope (cartoon), Falastin, June 20, 1936.
  6. Feisal, Lawrence and Allenby (cartoon), Falastin, June 25, 1936.
  7. Danse Macabre- Weizmann and Jabotinsky (cartoon), Falastin, June 26, 1936.
  8. The Whole Object (cartoon), Falastin, June 27, 1936.
  9. Searching for British Justice (cartoon), Falastin, June 30, 1936.
  10. The “Prosperous Palestine” (cartoon), Falastin, July 1, 1936.
  11. Another Sharp Weapon (cartoon), Falastin, July 10, 1936.
  12. On the Way to Palestine (cartoon), Falastin, July 11, 1936.
  13. Two Arab Heads (cartoon), Falastin, July 12, 1936.
  14. Mayor of Nablus and Mayor of Tel-Aviv (cartoon), Falastin, July 14, 1936.
  15. A Dictated Policy (cartoon), Falastin, July 15, 1936.
  16. The Editor of “Falastin” Deaf (cartoon), Falastin, July 16, 1936.
  17. Safety First! (cartoon), Falastin, July 18, 1936.
  18. Sanctions! (cartoon), Falastin, July 23, 1936.
  19. The Man of the Two Wives (cartoon), Falastin, July 25, 1936.
  20. Soldiers for Hire (cartoon), Falastin, July 26, 1936.
  21. A Century of Strike, Falastin, July 27, 1936.
  22. Chanson sans paroles (cartoon), Falastin, Aug. 21, 1936.
  23. Renewal of Oath (cartoon), Falastin, Aug. 22, 1936.
  24. The Barbed Wire Wall, The Times, June 1, 1938.
  25. Palestine and Partition- The Peel Plan Rejected, The Times, Nov. 10, 1938.
  26. For a Diplomat’s Murder Nazi Germany Takes an Awful Revenge on its Jews, Life Magazine, Nov. 28, 1938.

Secondary Sources

  1. Peel Commission Report, Excerpt from- O’Brien, Conor Cruise. The Siege- The Saga of Israel and Zionism. New York- Simon and Schuster, 1986.
  2. Excerpt from Faisal, King of Saudi Arabia, Gerald de Gaury, London- Arthur Barker Limited, 1966.

Images

  1. Cover of The Jewish People and Palestine by Chaim Weizmann, Nov. 25, 1936.
  2. Jews Evacuate the Old City of Jerusalem, 1936
  3. Reception for the British High Commissioner, Sir Arthur Wauchope, 1937.
  4. The Jewish Quarter of the Old City, 1938.
  5. The S.S. St. Louis, May-June 1939.
  6. Poster Encouraging Membership in the World Zionist Organization, 1939.
  7. Cover of White Paper of 1939
  8. Cover of Documents Relating to the McMahon Letters, Jewish Agency, Mar. 1939.
  9. Cover of Memorandum Submitted by the Arab Higher Committee, July 23, 1937.
  10. Havlagah Bus

Videos

  1. Illegal Jewish Immigration before World War II
  2. The Causes and Consequences of the Arab Revolt
  3. The White Paper of 1939

Maps

  1. The Peel Commission Partition Plan, 1937.

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