Operation Magic Carpet, 1949-1950

During the course of Operation Magic Carpet (also known as Operation On Wings of Eagles), 49,000 Jews were airlifted to the new State of Israel. The vast majority of these Jews were from Yemen.

Yemenite Jew, circa 1920

In 1922, the government of Yemen reintroduced the “orphans decree,” which stated that an orphan under 12 years of age would be taken from the Jewish community and turned over to a Muslim foster family.

Yemenite Jew, 1914

About 10% of Yemen’s Jews left Yemen and immigrated to Palestine in the first wave of immigration, which lasted from 1881 to 1914.
August 1198, Forced Conversion of the Jews of Aden

August 1198, Forced Conversion of the Jews of Aden

Geniza Document, trans. S. D. Goitein, in Mosseri Collection, L-12, Letters of Medieval Jewish Traders (Princeton, 1973), pp. 213–15. Excerpted from Norman Stillman, Jews of Arab Lands, 247-248. (August 1198) to Aden. Immediately after his arrival he was brought...
Jews of Yemen

Jews of Yemen

Primary Sources Forced Conversion of the Jews of Aden A Twentieth-Century Yemenite Version of the Pact of Umar, 1905. Sir John Hope and the Yemenites, Excerpt from The Statistical Bases of Sir John Hope’s Report on Immigration, Land Settlement and Development in...