388 C.E. Christians Destroy a Synagogue in Syria
A synagogue was burned by Christians in Kallinikon on the Euphrates. Source: Stemberger, Günter. Jews and Christians in the Holy Land (p193-194)
Author Archive: Ardon
May 21, 383 Valentinian II (375 – 392)
Prohibition of Christians Converting to Judaism “We punish the crime of Christians passing over to altars and temples by abrogating their power to bequeath in testament. Also those who despised the dignity of the Christian religion and name and polluted themselves with the Jewish contagions shall be punished for their disgraceful acts. Those, however, who […]
May 6, 368 C.E. Roman Emperor Valentinian I (364 – 375)
Protection of Synagogues “You shall order those who invade a synagogue of the Jewish law as though on right of hospitality to evacuate it, for they ought to come to houses of private persons, not places of religion, on right of habitation.” Source: Council of Centers on Jewish-Christian Relations
March 1, 363 Emperor Julian “The Apostate” (361–363 C.E.)
The Temple Mount, The Jewish Tax, Promises to Rebuild Jerusalem for Jews The worst burden of the yoke of slavery imposed on you (e.g. Jews) in the past has been that you were subjected to unpublished taxes and obliged to bring in to the Accounts Department of the Treasury an ineffable quantity of gold. Much […]
August 13, 339 C.E. Emperor Constantius II (337 – 361)
Jews and Christians/ Circumcision of Slaves, Women Codex Theodosianus XVI.8.6: “Furthermore: as for women which Jews have brought into the society of their shame and which were previously in our textile manufacturing industry [gynaeceum], it is decreed: they must be returned to the imperial textile manufacturing industry. This shall be the rule for the future: […]
333 C.E. The Bordeaux Pilgrim
The Temple Mount, Statues of Hadrian, the Foundation Stone The Bordeaux Pilgrim, Itinerary, 7a. “There are two statues of Hadrian, and not far from the statues there is a perforated stone, to which the Jews come every year and anoint it, bewail themselves with groans, rend their garments, and so depart.”
November 29, 330 C.E. Emperor Constantine I the Great (306-337)
Synagogues and the Sanhedrin Exemption of Jewish Religious Leaders from Community Service Those who dedicated themselves with complete devotion to the synagogues of the Jews, to the patriarchs, or to the Sanhedrin, while living in the above-mentioned group, it is they who preside over the law, shall continue to be exempt from all liturgies [community […]
October 18, 329 C.E. Emperor Constantine the Great (306-337)
Protection of Christians from Jews; Synagogues We want the Jews, their principals, and their patriarchs informed, that if anyone―once this law has been given―dare attack by stoning or by other kind of fury one escaping from their deadly group and raising his eyes to God’s cult [Christianity], which as we have learned is being done […]
314 C.E. – 318 C.E. Eusebius of Caesaria (263 – 339 C.E.)
Demonstratio Evangelica, 8.3. “Jerusalem … is even now like a quarry, all the inhabitants of the city choosing stores from its ruins as they will for private as well as public buildings. And it is sad for the eyes to see stones from the Temple itself, and from its ancient sanctuary and holy place, used […]
Fourth Century C.E. Jewish Communities in the Holy Land
Galilee Ad-Dikke, Alma, Arbel, Barᶜam, Beth Shean, Beth Shearim, Caesarea, Cana, Capernaum, Chorazin, Cochav ha-Jarden, En Nashut, Gush Halav, Hammath Gader, H. ᶜAmmundim, Jafia, Kh. Marus, Kh. Shema, Kh. Sumaq, Maᶜoz Hayyim, Meiron, Nabratein, Qasrin, Rehov, Sasa, Sepphoris, Tiberias, Yesod ha-Maale. South of Jerusalem Anaia, Ashkelon, Beth Gubrin, En Gedi, Eshtemoᶜa, H. Rimmon, Maᶜon, Susiya. […]