Arrangements for Jewish Loans in England, 1194, Early-Thirteenth-Century Narrative of Roger of Hoveden
All the debts, pledges, mortgages, lands, houses, rents and possessions of the Jews shall be registered. The Jew who shall conceal any of these shall forfeit to the King his body and the thing concealed, and likewise all his possessions and chattels; neither shall it be lawful for the Jew to recover the thing concealed.
Likewise, six or seven places shall be provided in which they shall make all their contracts, and there shall be appointed two lawyers who are Christians and two lawyers who are Jews, and two legal registrars. Before them and the clerks of William of the Church of St. Mary’s and William of Chimilli shall their contracts be made.
Charters shall be made of their contracts by way of indenture. One part of the indenture shall remain with the Jew, sealed with the seal of the person to whom the money is lent, and the other part shall remain in the common chest.
The chest shall have three locks and keys. The two Christians shall keep one key, the two Jews another and the clerks of William of the Church of St. Mary and William of Chimilli shall keep the third. Moreover, there shall be three seals upon it, and those who keep the seals shall affix them.
The clerks of the said William and William shall also keep a roll containing transcripts of all the charters. As the charters are altered, the roll shall be altered likewise.
For every charter, threepence shall be paid, one half by the Jew and the other half by the person to whom the money is lent. The two writers shall receive twopence and the keeper of the roll the remaining penny.
From henceforth, no contract shall be made with the Jews, no payment shall be made to them and no alteration shall be made in the charters except before the said persons, or the greater part of them if all cannot be present. The two Christians shall have one roll recording the debts or payments made to the Jews, the two Jews shall have another and the keeper of the roll shall have a third.
Moreover, every Jew shall swear upon his roll that he will cause all his debts, pledges, rents, goods and possessions to be enrolled, and that he will conceal nothing as aforesaid. If he knows that anyone has concealed anything, he shall secretly reveal it to the justices sent to them.
They shall also identify and disclose to the justices all falsifiers or forgers of charters, clippers of money and false charters, wherever and whenever they become aware of them.
Roger of Hoveden, Chronica, 1194; translated by Joseph Jacobs, 1893. Public domain; punctuation lightly standardized.
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