The State and the Jews—Protection
Medieval W. Christendom
- Introduction
- Images
- Primary Texts
- Emperor Henry IV, 1096, Solomon bar Simson Chronicle, Mid-Twelfth-Century Hebrew Narrative
- King Louis VII of France, 1171, Contemporary Hebrew Letter
- Emperor Frederick I, 1188, Elazar ben Judah’s Late-Twelfth-Century Report
- Emperor Frederick II, 1236 Imperial Document
- King James II of Aragon, 1294 Royal Letter
- Secondary Literature
- S. W. Baron, A Social and Religious History of the Jews (2 nd ed.; 18 vols.;New York- Columbia University Press, 1952-83), 11-22-55.
- R. Chazan, European Jewry and the First Crusade (Berkeley- University of California Press, 1987), 85-99.
- R. Chazan, “Emperor Frederick I, the Third Crusade, and the Jews,” Viator, VIII (1977)- 83-93.
- Videos