From Herod the Great and the Herodians to Direct Roman Rule (37 BCE-66 CE)

1. From Text to Tradition
   1. Herodian Rule
   2. Judea Under the Procurators
2. Historical surveys
   1. Shaye Cohen. “Roman Domination- The Jewish Revolt and the Destruction of the Second Temple.” Part III
3. Primary sources
   1. Josephus, War I, 199-358- Antipater and Herod’s Rise to Power
   2. Josephus, War I, 386-673- Personal Life and Rule of Herod
4. Secondary sources
   1. Meir Ben-Dov.“Herod’s Mighty Temple Mount.” Biblical Archaeology Review 12, 6 (1986).
   2. Kathleen Ritmeyer and Leen Ritmeyer. “Reconstructing Herod’s Temple Mount in Jerusalem.” Biblical Archaeology Review 15, 6 (1989).
   3. Aaron Demsky. “When the Priests Trumpeted the Onset of the Sabbath.” Biblical Archaeology Review 12, 6 (1986).
   4. Nahman Avigad. “How the Wealthy Lived in Herodian Jerusalem.” Biblical Archaeology Review 2, 4 (1976).
   5. Steven Fine. “Why Bone Boxes?” Biblical Archaeology Review 27, 5 (2001).
   6. Nahman Avigad. “Jerusalem Flourishing—A Craft Center for Stone, Pottery, and Glass.” Biblical Archaeology Review 9 ,6 (1983).
   7. Kenneth G. Holum. “Building Power.” Biblical Archaeology Review 30, 5 (2004).
   8. Robert J. Bull. “Caesarea Maritima- The Search for Herod’s City.” Biblical Archaeology Review 8, 3 (1982).
   9. David Jacobson. “Herod’s Roman Temple.” Biblical Archaeology Review 28, 2, (2002).
5. Images
   1. Model of Herod the Great’s Temple Mount, the Israel Museum.
   2. Model of Herodian Jerusalem, the Israel Museum.
   3. Greek inscription from the Jerusalem Temple Balustrade, now in the Archaeological Museum, Istanbul- “No foreigner is to enter within the forecourt and the balustrade around the sanctuary. Whoever is caught will have himself to blame for his subsequent death.”
   4. Ossuary with inscription, “Simon the Temple Builder,” Jerusalem, 1st century BCE.
   5. Tyrian Sheqel of the variety used for the Jerusalem Temple Tax.
   6. An aristocratic Herodian mansion in Jerusalem (Burnt House).
   7. Herodian Oil lamp.
   8. Herodium, a fortress built by Herod the Great south of Jerusalem.
   9. The palace on Herodium.
   10. A bathhouse on Herodium.
   11. Masada, a fortress built by Herod the Great near the Dead Sea.
   12. Herod the Great’s northern palace on Masada.
   13. View from above of Herod the Great’s northern palace on Masada.
   14. Theater built by Herod Antipas, Sepphoris, circa 20 BCE-39 CE
   15. Theater built by Herod the Great in the port city Caesarea Maritima, 1st century BCE.
   16. A Roman aqueduct bringing water to Caesarea Maritima, 1st century BCE.
   17. Harbor of Caesarea Maritima, 1st century BCE.
   18. Coin of Herod the Great portraying tripod and goblet (front), helmet flanked by palm branches (reverse), marking year 3 of his reign, 40 BCE, (front).
   19. Hulda Gate.
   20. Reconstructed polychromy of the Virginia Caligula.
   21. The Arch Menorah.
   22. The Arch of Titus.
   23. The Arch Spolia.
   24. The Arch of Titus.
   25. Villa Tornolia catacomb.
   26. Wall Paintings by Pompeii.